A systematic review to investigate whether birth weight affects the autonomic nervous system in adulthood / Uma revisão sistemática para investigar se o peso ao nascer afeta o sistema nervoso autônomo na vida adulta

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the relationship between birth weight and the autonomic nervous system in adulthood through a systematic review. Data source: This is a systematic review of publications without limitation of year and language. We included studies involving the autonomic nervous system and birth weight in adults. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science Cochrane Library and Scopus databases, using "Autonomic Nervous System" OR "Heart Rate" OR "Heart Rate Variability" AND "Birth Weight" as a search strategy. This review is registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews — PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020165622). Data synthesis: We found 894 articles; 215 were excluded for duplicity. Of the remaining 679 studies, 11 remained. Two were excluded because they did not specifically treat the autonomic nervous system or birth weight. There were nine publications, two cohort and seven cross-sectional studies. The main findings were that extreme, very low, low or high birth weight may have some impact on the autonomic nervous system in adult life. Conclusions: Birth weight outside the normality rate may have a negative influence on the autonomic nervous system, causing autonomic dysfunction and increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in adult life. Thus, the importance of the follow-up of health professionals from pregnancy to gestation and throughout life, with preventive care being emphasized.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre o peso ao nascer e o sistema nervoso autônomo na vida adulta por meio de uma revisão sistemática. Fontes de dados: Esta é uma revisão sistemática de publicações, sem limitação de ano e idioma. Incluímos estudos envolvendo o sistema nervoso autônomo e peso ao nascer em adultos. Os manuscritos foram selecionados das bases de dados eletrônicos Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science Cochrane Library e Scopus, utilizando "Autonomic Nervous System" OR "Heart Rate" OR "Heart Rate Variability" AND "Birth Weight" como estratégia de busca. Esta revisão está registrada pelo International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews — PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020165622). Síntese dos dados: Nós encontramos 894 artigos. Deles, 215 foram excluídos por duplicidade. Entre os 679 remanescentes, 11 permaneceram, dos quais dois foram excluídos por não tratarem especificamente do sistema nervoso autônomo ou do peso ao nascer. Restaram nove publicações, sendo duas longitudinais e sete transversais. Os principais achados foram que o peso extremo baixo, muito baixo, baixo ou alto ao nascer pode ter algum impacto no sistema nervoso autônomo na vida adulta. Conclusões: O peso ao nascer fora da normalidade pode influenciar negativamente o sistema nervoso autônomo, causando disfunção autonômica e aumentando o risco de doenças cardiovasculares na vida adulta. Assim, ressalta-se a importância do acompanhamento dos profissionais de saúde desde a gravidez até a gestação, pré-natal e ao longo da vida, com cuidados preventivos para esta situação.

A systematic review to investigate whether birth weight affects the autonomic nervous system in adulthood.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between birth weight and the autonomic nervous system in adulthood through a systematic review. DATA SOURCE: This is a systematic review of publications without limitation of year and language. We included studies involving the autonomic nervous system and birth weight in adults. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science Cochrane Library and Scopus databases, using "Autonomic Nervous System" OR "Heart Rate" OR "Heart Rate Variability" AND "Birth Weight" as a search strategy. This review is registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews - PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020165622). DATA SYNTHESIS: We found 894 articles; 215 were excluded for duplicity. Of the remaining 679 studies, 11 remained. Two were excluded because they did not specifically treat the autonomic nervous system or birth weight. There were nine publications, two cohort and seven cross-sectional studies. The main findings were that extreme, very low, low or high birth weight may have some impact on the autonomic nervous system in adult life. CONCLUSIONS: Birth weight outside the normality rate may have a negative influence on the autonomic nervous system, causing autonomic dysfunction and increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in adult life. Thus, the importance of the follow-up of health professionals from pregnancy to gestation and throughout life, with preventive care being emphasized.

Negligible Effects of Nutraceuticals from Beetroot Extract on Cardiovascular and Autonomic Recovery Response following Submaximal Aerobic Exercise in Physically Active Healthy Males: A Randomized Trial.

BACKGROUND: There is little evidence that nutraceuticals from beetroot extract are beneficial with regards to recovery of the cardiovascular parameters and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) after submaximal aerobic exercise, though this formulation is employed widely for this purpose. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of beetroot extract supplementation on the recovery of cardiorespiratory and autonomic parameters after a session of submaximal aerobic exercise. METHODS: Sixteen healthy male adults commenced a cross-over, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. Beetroot extract (600 mg) or placebo (600 mg) were ingested 120 min prior to evaluation on randomized days. We assessed systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) indexes at Rest and during 60 min of recovery from submaximal aerobic exercise. RESULTS: Beetroot extract ingestion slightly accelerated HR, SBP, DBP and MAP reduction following exercise associated to the placebo protocol (vs. rest). Yet no group effect (p = 0.99) was identified between the beetroot and placebo protocols on HR mean, in addition to interaction (group vs. time) (p = 0.60). No group effect was attained between the SBP (p = 0.90), DBP (p = 0.88), MAP (p = 0.73) and PP (p = 0.99) protocols and no significant differences (group vs. time) were observed between the values of SBP (p = 0.75), DBP (p = 0.79), MAP (p = 0.93) and PP (p = 0.63) between placebo and beetroot protocols. Similarly, the reoccurrence of cardiac vagal modulation after exercise via the HF (ms2) was enhanced, but not with regards to the RMSSD index. No group effect (p = 0.99) was identified for the HF (p = 0.90) and RMSSD (p = 0.67) indices. Likewise, we observed no significant differences (group vs. time) amongst the values of HF (p = 0.69) and RMSSD (p = 0.95) between the placebo and beetroot protocols. CONCLUSION: Whilst beetroot extract might assist the recovery of the cardiovascular and autonomic systems following submaximal aerobic exercise in healthy males, these results seem insignificant owing to minor differences between interventions and are weak clinically.

Nitrate-rich beet juice intake on cardiovascular performance in response to exercise in postmenopausal women with arterial hypertension: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: There is no evidence of the use of beetroot juice with a previously recommended dose of nitrate (NO3) (> 300 mg) on the cardiovascular performance during and recovery following exercise in postmenopausal women with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). METHODS: We will investigate the effects of beetroot juice rich in NO3 acutely (800 mg) and during a week with daily doses (400 mg) on blood pressure, heart rate (HR), cardiac autonomic control, endothelial function, inflammatory, hormonal, and stress biomarkers oxidative stress and enzymes involved in nitric oxide synthesis and mitochondrial regulation, under resting conditions, as well as mediated by submaximal aerobic exercise sessions. Through a randomized, crossover, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 25 physically inactive women with SAH will undergo an acute and 1-week trial, each with two intervention protocols: (1) placebo and (2) beetroot, in which will ingest beet juice with or without NO3 in its composition with a 7-day washout interval. On collection days, exercise will be performed on a treadmill for 40 min at a speed corresponding to 65-70% of VO2peak. The collection of variables (cardiovascular, autonomic, and blood samples for molecular analyses) of the study will take place at rest (135 min after ingestion of the intervention), during exercise (40 min), and in the effort recovery stage (during 60 min) based on previously validated protocols. The collections were arranged so that the measurement of one variable does not interfere with the other and that they have adequate intervals between them. DISCUSSION: The results of this research may help in the real understanding of the nutritional compounds capable of generating safety to the cardiovascular system during physical exercise, especially for women who are aging and who have cardiovascular limitations (e.g., arterial hypertension) to perform physical exercise. Therefore, our results will be able to help specific nutritional recommendations to optimize cardiovascular health. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05384340. Registered on May 20, 2022.

Use of radiofrequency in the treatment of acne: a systematic review / Uso de la radiofrecuencia en el tratamiento del acné: una revisión sistemática / Uso da radiofrequência no tratamento da acne: uma revisão sistemática

ABSTRACT Acne, of great prevalence and impact, presents many forms that can be treated by hygiene, topical medications, and manual alternative interventions such as skin cleansing and electrotherapy. The use of radiofrequency in the treatment of acne aims to increase the temperature in the cutaneous tissue, causing several metabolic and structural reactions, such as stimulating neocollagenesis. This study aimed to investigate the use of high-frequency current as an adjunctive treatment for acne. This is a non-systematic review of indexed databases (MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS). A total of 18 studies were included in this review and most of them related different treatment for acne associated with radiofrequency. Radiofrequency presents few complications and good results, besides having as an additional advantage the possibility of the patient returning to the routine immediately after application.

RESUMEN Con gran prevalencia e impacto, el acné puede tener muchas formas, las cuales pueden ser tratadas por medio de medidas de higiene, medicamentos tópicos e intervenciones manuales alternativas, como la limpieza de la piel y el uso de electroterapia. La radiofrecuencia en el tratamiento de esta afección tiene como objetivo aumentar la temperatura en el tejido de la piel, provocando diversas reacciones metabólicas y estructurales, como la estimulación de la neocolagénesis. Este trabajo pretendió investigar el uso de corriente de alta frecuencia como coadyuvante en el tratamiento del acné. Esta es una revisión no sistemática en las bases de datos indexadas (MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS). En esta revisión se incluyeron 18 estudios, la mayoría de ellos abordaban diferentes recursos para el tratamiento del acné asociados al uso de la radiofrecuencia. Se encontró que la radiofrecuencia tiene pocas complicaciones y buenos resultados, además de la ventaja adicional de permitir al paciente volver a la rutina inmediatamente después de su aplicación.

RESUMO De grande prevalência e impacto, a acne apresenta muitas formas, que podem ser tratadas por meio de medidas de higienização, medicamentos tópicos e intervenções alternativas manuais, como limpeza de pele e uso de eletroterapia. A radiofrequência no tratamento da condição tem por objetivo produzir o aumento da temperatura no tecido cutâneo, ocasionando diversas reações metabólicas e estruturais, como o estímulo à neocolagênese. Este trabalho buscou investigar o uso da corrente de alta frequência como coadjuvante no tratamento da acne. Trata-se de uma revisão não sistemática de bases de dados indexadas (MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS). Foram incluídos 18 estudos nesta revisão, a maioria deles relaciona diferentes recursos de tratamento para acne associados ao uso da radiofrequência. Verificou-se que a radiofrequência apresenta poucas complicações e bons resultados, além de ter como vantagem adicional a possibilidade de o paciente retornar à rotina imediatamente após a aplicação.

Efeitos Agudos da Bebida Energética sobre Parâmetros Autonômicos e Cardiovasculares em Indivíduos com Diferentes Capacidades Cardiorrespiratórias: Um Ensaio Controlado, Randomizado, Crossover e Duplo Cego / Acute Effects of Energy Drink on Autonomic and Cardiovascular Parameters Recovery in Individuals with Different Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind and Placebo-Controlled Trial

Resumo Fundamento Tem-se sugerido que o consumo de bebidas energéticas (BEs) possa afetar a atividade cardiovascular. Objetivos Investigar os efeitos agudos da ingestão de BE sobre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) recuperação cardiovascular após exercício aeróbico moderado em homens de diferentes capacidades cardiorrespiratórias. Métodos Este é um estudo randomizado, duplo cego, crossover, controlado por placebo. Vinte e oito jovens adultos foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o pico de consumo de oxigênio (pico de VO2): (1) pico de VO2 alto (AO) - pico de VO2 > 52,15 mL/Kg/min, e (2) pico de VO2 baixo (BO) - pico de VO2 <52,15 mL/Kg/min. Os indivíduos de ambos os grupos foram submetidos a dois protocolos de exercícios em ordem aleatória: exercício moderado aeróbico (60% de pico de VO2) após a ingestão de 250 mL de água (protocolo placebo) ou 250 mL de BE (protocolo BE). Durante os testes de exercício, foram registrados valores de parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e de VFC. Resultados Foram observadas diferenças significativas para o índice de LF (unidades normalizadas) entre "repouso" e "Rec1" nos grupos de AO e BO durante o protocolo BE. Para a razão LF/HF, foram observadas diferenças significativas entre "repouso" e Rec1 nos grupos AO e BO nos protocolos BE. Conclusão A ingestão aguda de BE retardou a recuperação da frequência cardíaca após o exercício em indivíduos com capacidade cardiorrespiratória baixa e indivíduos com capacidade cardiorrespiratória alta.

Abstract Background It has been suggested that the consumption of energy drinks (ED) may affect cardiovascular activity. Objectives to investigate the acute effects of ED intake on heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiovascular recovery after moderate aerobic exercise in males with different cardiorespiratory capacities. Methods This is a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study. Twenty-eight young adults were split into two groups according to their peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) values: (1) High VO2 peak (HO) - VO2 peak > 52.15 mL/kg/min, and (2) low VO2 peak (LO) - peak VO2 <52.15 mL/kg/min. Subjects of both groups underwent two exercise protocols in randomized order: moderate aerobic exercise (60% of VO2peak) following the intake of 250 mL of water (placebo protocol) or 250 mL of ED (ED protocol). During the exercise tests, values of cardiorespiratory and HRV parameters were recorded. Results Significant differences were observed for the LF (normalized units) index between rest and Rec1 in HO energy and LO groups during the ED protocol. For the LF/HF ratio, significant differences were seen between rest and Rec1 in HO and LO during ED protocols. Conclusion Acute ED intake delayed heart rate recovery after exercise in subjects with low and high cardiorespiratory fitness.

Acute Effects of Energy Drink on Autonomic and Cardiovascular Parameters Recovery in Individuals with Different Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind and Placebo-Controlled Trial. / Efeitos Agudos da Bebida Energética sobre Parâmetros Autonômicos e Cardiovasculares em Indivíduos com Diferentes Capacidades Cardiorrespiratórias: Um Ensaio Controlado, Randomizado, Crossover e Duplo Cego.

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that the consumption of energy drinks (ED) may affect cardiovascular activity. OBJECTIVES: to investigate the acute effects of ED intake on heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiovascular recovery after moderate aerobic exercise in males with different cardiorespiratory capacities. METHODS: This is a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study. Twenty-eight young adults were split into two groups according to their peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) values: (1) High VO2 peak (HO) - VO2 peak > 52.15 mL/kg/min, and (2) low VO2 peak (LO) - peak VO2 <52.15 mL/kg/min. Subjects of both groups underwent two exercise protocols in randomized order: moderate aerobic exercise (60% of VO2peak) following the intake of 250 mL of water (placebo protocol) or 250 mL of ED (ED protocol). During the exercise tests, values of cardiorespiratory and HRV parameters were recorded. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed for the LF (normalized units) index between rest and Rec1 in HO energy and LO groups during the ED protocol. For the LF/HF ratio, significant differences were seen between rest and Rec1 in HO and LO during ED protocols. CONCLUSION: Acute ED intake delayed heart rate recovery after exercise in subjects with low and high cardiorespiratory fitness.

FUNDAMENTO: Tem-se sugerido que o consumo de bebidas energéticas (BEs) possa afetar a atividade cardiovascular. OBJETIVOS: Investigar os efeitos agudos da ingestão de BE sobre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) recuperação cardiovascular após exercício aeróbico moderado em homens de diferentes capacidades cardiorrespiratórias. MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo randomizado, duplo cego, crossover, controlado por placebo. Vinte e oito jovens adultos foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o pico de consumo de oxigênio (pico de VO2): (1) pico de VO2 alto (AO) ­ pico de VO2 > 52,15 mL/Kg/min, e (2) pico de VO2 baixo (BO) - pico de VO2 <52,15 mL/Kg/min. Os indivíduos de ambos os grupos foram submetidos a dois protocolos de exercícios em ordem aleatória: exercício moderado aeróbico (60% de pico de VO2) após a ingestão de 250 mL de água (protocolo placebo) ou 250 mL de BE (protocolo BE). Durante os testes de exercício, foram registrados valores de parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e de VFC. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas diferenças significativas para o índice de LF (unidades normalizadas) entre "repouso" e "Rec1" nos grupos de AO e BO durante o protocolo BE. Para a razão LF/HF, foram observadas diferenças significativas entre "repouso" e Rec1 nos grupos AO e BO nos protocolos BE. CONCLUSÃO: A ingestão aguda de BE retardou a recuperação da frequência cardíaca após o exercício em indivíduos com capacidade cardiorrespiratória baixa e indivíduos com capacidade cardiorrespiratória alta.

Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) Intake Before Submaximal Aerobic Exercise Is Safe for Cardiovascular and Autonomic Systems in Healthy Males: A Randomized Trial.

Background: There are still no studies of the cardiovascular safety of the isolated use of Citrus aurantium in aerobic submaximal exercise. Objective: To evaluate the effect of C. aurantium supplementation on the recovery of cardiorespiratory and autonomic parameters following a session of submaximal aerobic exercise. Methods: Twelve healthy male adults achieved a crossover, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial. C. aurantium (600 mg, p-synephrine at 30% amount [180 mg]) or placebo (600 mg of starch) were ingested 90 min before evaluation in randomized days. We evaluated systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and, HR variability indexes at Rest and during 60 min of recovery from exercise. Results: Citrus aurantium ingestion accelerated the reduction in SBP after exercise, anticipated the return of vagal modulation of the heart after exercise via the HF (ms2), pNN50 (%), and 2 UV% indices. Moreover, rushed the output of sympathetic modulation after exercise via the 0V% index. No unfavorable cardiovascular effects were achieved for HR, DBP, PP, and MAP parameters. Conclusions: Citrus aurantium was shown to be safe for the cardiovascular and autonomic systems alongside submaximal aerobic exercise in healthy males.

Nitrate Derived From Beetroot Juice Lowers Blood Pressure in Patients With Arterial Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although there are a considerable number of clinical studies on nitrate (NO3) rich beetroot juice (BRJ) and hypertension, it is difficult to indicate the real effects of NO3 from BRJ on the BP of hypertensive patients because there are still no estimates of the effects of NO3 derived from BRJ on the BP of hypertension patients. Objective: To clarify these effects, we developed a systematic literature review with a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Design: The searches were accomplished through EMBASE, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and LILACS databases. The study included single or double-blinded RCTs and participants older than 18 years with hypertension [systolic BP (SBP) > 130 mmHg and diastolic BP (DBP) > 80 mmHg]. NO3 BRJ was required to be consumed in a format that possibly blinded participants/researchers. These studies should also report the SBP and DBP values (mmHg) measured before and after the treatment. Risk of Bias tools and GRADE were enforced. Results: Seven studies were included (218 participants). BRJ intervention time ranged from 3 to 60 days with daily dosages of 70-250 mL of BRJ. After the intervention with NO3 from BRJ, SBP underwent significant changes (p < 0.001) of -4.95 (95% CI: -8.88; -1.01) (GRADE: ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate), but not for DBP (p = 0.06) -0.90 mmHg (95% CI: -3.16; 1.36) (GRADE: ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate), compared to the control group. Conclusions: The NO3 derived from BRJ reduces SBP, but not DBP in patients with arterial hypertension. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=269339.

Caffeine intake and its influences on heart rate variability recovery in healthy active adults after exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIMS: Results regarding the effects of caffeine (CAF) intake on the autonomic control of heart rate recovery exercise remain inconclusive. Thus far, no study has used effect measures to pool the results of different experiments. We aim to assess the acute effect of CAF intake before exercise on the recovery of heart rate variability (HRV) after exercise through a systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS: Randomized controlled clinical trials were included; sample composed of physically active or trained adults; CAF should be offered/ingested before exercise, with dosage between 100 and 400 mg or between 2 and 6 mg/kg and administration/ingestion route analogous in the protocols; studies required to present results of HRV indices before and after exercise. Bias risk analysis and meta-analysis were performed. Twelve studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and five studies were encompassed in the quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). For the Root-mean-square standard deviation (RMSSD) index we revealed p = 0.67, Total 95% confidence interval (95% CI) ranged from -0.45 to 0.29, and 66.7% for heterogeneity between groups were reported. Concerning the High Frequency (HF) index, we observed p = 0.22, Total 95% CI that ranged from -0.34 to 0.30, and 44% for heterogeneity between groups. CONCLUSIONS: CAF intake did not affect heart rate variability recovery after exercise.

Does bariatric surgery improve cardiac autonomic modulation assessed by heart rate variability? A systematic review.

Our study aimed to explore the influence of bariatric surgery (BS) on heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) through a systematic review. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases from the inception of each database up to year 2020, and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Searching of these studies was systematized using the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome Study Design strategy. We selected randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials and cohorts from prospective studies that reported the influence of BS on HRV. We assessed the quality rating using the Black and Downs questionnaire. Following the screening and eligibility stages, 14 studies were included in the review. All studies agreed that BS promotes an increase in parasympathetic HR control and HRV and a decrease in HR. Yet the literature does not provide evidence that these outcomes are directly caused by the surgical procedure. There is limited evidence to support that patients with type 2 diabetes have greater improvement in HRV as an interim measure, to individuals without. The decrease in insulin resistance was correlated with the increase in HRV in some studies, but, other studies are unsupportive of this outcome. Improvements in 2 metabolic parameters (e.g., leptin, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide) were connected with superior increases in HRV. This review demonstrated that BS promotes an increase in HRV, indicating improved autonomic control of HR.

Energy Drink before Exercise Did Not Affect Autonomic Recovery Following Moderate Aerobic Exercise: A Crossover, Randomized and Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Energy drink (ED) intake could initiate physiological changes owing to its stimulant characteristics and, it improves endurance and athletic performance. We evaluated the acute effects of ED on autonomic heart rate (HR) control during recovery after a session of submaximal aerobic exercise.Method: The study was completed by submitting 29 healthy males between 18 and 30 years old to three conventions: (A) Maximum exercise test by the adapted Bruce protocol; (B) Placebo protocol (PP) - water intake 15 minutes prior to exercise, rest in dorsal decubitus for 15 minutes followed by 5 minutes of treadmill running at 1% inclination, initial speed of 5 km/h for 5 minutes 25 minutes with 60% of the velocity consistent to the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), and finally 60 minutes of recovery at rest in the supine position; (C) Experimental protocol (PE) - similar to PP previously, but with ED intake 15 minutes before physical exercise. The time, frequency and geometric indexes of HR variability (HRV) were inspected before and after exercise.Results: There was a significant (p < 0.05, <5%) effect on the HRV index (HR-nu and ms2, LF-nu and ms2, LF/HF, SD1, SDNN and RMSSD), indicating a reduction in HRV in the first 5 minutes after exercise in both protocols (PP and PE). Yet, no protocol interaction was detected, suggesting no effect of ED on HRV throughout recovery after submaximal aerobic exercise.Conclusion: There was no significant effect of ED on the autonomic control of HR in the recovery phase after submaximal aerobic exercise.

Oscillatory joint mobilization as a physiotherapeutic treatment of temporomandibular dysfunction: a case report / Mobilização articular oscilatória como tratamento fisioterápico da disfunção temporomandibular: um relato de caso

Introduction: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) acts during chew, swallowing, yawning, conversation and in activities involving jaw movements. Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD) is a set of disorders involving the masticatory muscles in the TMJ and associated structures. Joint mobilization aims to relief pain and restoring the function of the compromised body segment, increasing its degree of mobility. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the influence of oscillatory joint mobilization on TMD. Method: A descriptive case study with a patient who presented a clinical diagnosis of TMD in the Clinical School of Physiotherapy of the Leão Sampaio School, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil, from September 3 to October 6 of 2014, twice a week, lasting 40 minutes, a total of 10 visits. Results: The patient presented a gain in the range of motion of the mouth opening (from 17 mm to 46 mm), pain relief (from grade 6 to grade 0 on the Visual Analogue Scale) and improvement in muscle function. Conclusion: Oscillatory joint mobilization in TMD may be effective in increasing mandibular range of motion and opening of the mouth, as well as in reducing TMJ pain and masticatory musculature.

Introdução: A articulação temporomandibular (ATM) atua durante a mordida, a deglutição, o bocejo, a conversação e as atividades envolvendo movimentos do maxilar. Disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) é um conjunto de distúrbios envolvendo os músculos mastigatórios na ATM e estruturas associadas. A mobilização conjunta visa a dor de alívio e a restauração da função do segmento comprometido do corpo, aumentando seu grau de mobilidade. Objetivo: Pretendemos avaliar a influência da mobilização articular oscilatória na DTM. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de caso com paciente que compareceu para diagnóstico de DTM na Clínica Escola de Fisioterapia da UNILEÃO, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brasil, de 3 de setembro a 6 de outubro de 2014, duas vezes por semana, com duração de 40 minutos, totalizando 10 visitas. Resultados: O paciente apresentou um ganho no intervalo de movimento da abertura da boca (de 17 mm a 46 mm), alívio da dor (do grau 6 ao grau 0 na Escala Visual Analógica) e melhora na função muscular. Conclusão: A mobilização das articulações oscilatórias na DTM pode ser eficaz no aumento da amplitude de movimento mandibular e na abertura da boca, bem como na redução da dor da ATM e musculatura mastigatória.